Remote driving rental car delivery trial in Milton Keynes is steppingstone to full self-driving

A solid bridge to self-driving: Fetch trials remote rental car delivery

In this Cars of the Future exclusive, we talk teleoperation as a steppingstone to self-driving with Sandip Gangakhedkar, CTO of Imperium Drive.

The London-based mobility startup made headlines last year when the BBC featured its Fetch rental car delivery trial in Milton Keynes. “It’s driverless but not autonomous,” explained CEO Koosha Kaveh. “There’s still a human involved, but they’ll be sitting in a control centre controlling the vehicle in the same way you’d control a drone.”

In October, Imperium reached the last round of the Zenzic CAM Scale-Up selection process, with Programme Director Mark Cracknell praising “The quality and range of the finalists – testament to the innovative solutions that will make future mobility cleaner, safer and more efficient”.

Human approach to self-driving

Sandip Gangakhedkar, CTO of Imperium Drive re self-driving
Sandip Gangakhedkar, CTO of Imperium Drive

SG: “We were formed in the summer of 2019 to build a new human-in-the-loop approach to autonomous driving. Fetch is our mobility service, which commercialises the technology we’ve built.

“Designed for urban door-to-door delivery, it’s based on remote driving. A trained remote driver, or operator, is responsible for driving the car on the road, based on live video feeds and sensor feedback sent over public infrastructure, like 4G and 5G networks.

“We have our own small fleet of cars and are running a small-scale commercial pilot within the city boundaries of Milton Keynes. A select group of users can have the cars delivered to their doorsteps driverlessly. That’s our main USP.

“Once the car is delivered, the customer can unlock it and drive it themselves, so at that point it ceases to be any kind of driverless experience. Once they’ve finished using it, the remote operator can re-take control and bring it back to base. It’s a new take on how autonomy can be developed sustainably and incrementally.

Fetch remotedriving rental car delivery trial in Milton Keynes
Fetch remote driving rental car delivery trial in Milton Keynes

“As well as the UK government’s code of practice for trialling automated vehicles, we’ve also taken on board additional guidelines and specifications (from BSI, CCAV, the Law Commission and others), around what it means to be safe, responsible and socially equitable.

“The socially equitable aspect is often overlooked. Fetch decouples car ownership from car access, so you don’t need to own a car to enjoy its benefits.

“As an industry, we’re still at an early stage in exploring topics like public acceptance and socio-economic impacts. If you use the Gartner Hype Cycle, a common way of viewing emerging technologies, then 2021 was probably peak ‘trough of disillusionment’, and now we’re entering the ‘slope of enlightenment’.

“Roll-out has to be gradual, because it has to be done responsibly. At the same time, our human-in-the-loop approach can be an important steppingstone to full self-driving.

“It allows a remote human to take the driving decisions, as opposed to an artificially intelligent entity. That’s key to responsibly scaling and improving the technology, slowly reducing the dependence on the remote driver.

“We are definitely looking at expanding to other cities as soon as the model has been validated.”

For further info, visit imperiumdrive.com / fetchcar.io

Law Commission issues paper on reform options for remote driving on shared roads.

Law Commission invites views on remote driving ahead of 2023 report to Government

On 24 June, The Law Commission published a 93-page issues paper on reform options for remote driving, inviting feedback from the public.

It notes: “Technology that enables an individual to drive a vehicle from a remote location already exists today – operating in controlled environments such as warehouses, farms and mines.” The new paper considers how the existing legal framework applies to shared roads.

Remote driving

Whether you see it as a bridging technology or a long-term solution, remote driving – where a person outside a vehicle uses connectivity to control it, often from many miles away – will certainly be part of the mix on the road to self-driving.

Indeed, in May, Project Encode demonstrated transfer of control across three states – manual driving, autonomous driving and teleoperation – in live vehicle tests in Oxford and London.

Project Encode remote operation
Project Encode remote operation

The issues paper press release highlights four safety challenges:

  1. Connectivity: how can a reliable connection between the remote driver and vehicle be ensured and how can safety risks be mitigated if connectivity is lost?
  2. Situational awareness: how can drivers remain aware of their surroundings through a screen without (for example) the “feel” of acceleration?
  3. Keeping remote drivers alert: how can the risk of fatigue, motion sickness and distraction be overcome?
  4. Cybersecurity: how can unauthorised takeover of vehicles be prevented?

From a law enforcement perspective, tricky questions arise from the possibility that a vehicle on British roads could be remotely driven from abroad. The Law Commission therefore invites views on whether this should be prohibited.

Remote driving terminology

Of course, for anything related to self-driving, there are questions around terminology. In addition to a good old-fashioned driver, and a user-in-charge, we could soon also have an Entity for Remote Driving Operation (ERDO) – a corporate entity rather than an individual that uses and operates vehicles rather than develops or manufactures them.

Nicholas Paines QC, Public Law Commissioner, said: “Remote driving technology is already capable of being used on our roads. We hope our issues paper can contribute to a healthy debate about the appropriate regulation of this technology and what can be done to maximise protection of road users while encouraging innovation.”

The new project – via the Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV) and the International Vehicle Standards team at the Department for Transport (DfT) – builds on the recent three-year review of legislation to enable the deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) on British roads.

Views on remote driving can be submitted here until 2 September 2022.

The Law Commission will then draft advice for the UK Government by January 2023.